Three Cs model指的是我們可以將所有cache miss歸類成三大類:
1. Compulsory misses
2. Capacity misses
3. Conflict misses
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IPC:Message Queues:
<sys/msg.h>
Two (or more) processes can exchange information via access to a common
system message queue.
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Shared Memory is an efficeint means of passing data between
programs. One program will create a memory portion which other
processes (if permitted) can access.
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1. This is pipe2.c. It start rather like the first examples, up
until we make the call to fork.
UNIX allows two ways of opening a pipe:
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We have now began to see how multiple processes may be running on a
machine and maybe be controlled (spawned by fork() by one of our
programs.
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pac dsp頻率:264MHZ
handler 在pac duo 上arm端以及dsp端收集data無誤(文字檔),binary不確定
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The POSIX thread libraries are a standards based thread API for C/C++.
It allows one to spawn a new concurrent process flow. It is most effective
on multi-processor or multi-core systems where the process flow can be scheduled to run on
another processor thus gaining speed through parallel or distributed processing.
Threads require less overhead than "forking" or spawning a new process because
the system does not initialize a new system virtual memory space and environment for
the process.
While most effective on a multiprocessor system, gains are
also found on uniprocessor systems which exploit latency in I/O and other
system functions which may halt process execution. (One thread may execute
while another is waiting for I/O or some other system latency.)
Parallel programming technologies such as MPI and PVM are used in a distributed
computing environment while threads are limited to a single computer system.
All threads within a process share the same address space.
A thread is spawned by defining a function and its arguments which will
be processed in the thread.
The purpose of using the POSIX thread library in your software is
to execute software faster.
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1. 載入BIOS (Basic Input Output System) 的硬體資訊與進行自我測試,依據設定取得第一個可開機的裝置 (CD-ROM, Hard disk, floopy)
2. 讀取並且執行第一個開機裝置內MBR (Master Boot Record)的boot loader (也就是grub , LILO, spfdisk...etc)
3. 依據boot loader設定載入kernel , kernel 會偵測硬體與載入driver
4. driver 運作後,kernel 會主動呼叫init程式, 而init 會取的run-level 資訊
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1. link_list_utils.c
2. otf_handle.c
3. trace2comm.c
產生call graph
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Goal:
提供使用者在異質多核心平台上撰寫平行程式的API,以cell為例,在cell上撰寫程式是相對困難的 (MPMD Model) ,因此,實作MPI Standard以減低撰寫的困難度及移植程式的困難度
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